Orchid Council
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South African Orchid Council |
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| CHAIRPERSON OF JUDGES: Mrs Nitsi Louw Cell 084-414-7710 
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VICE-CHAIRPERSON OF JUDGES: Mrs. Ann Duckworth |
REGISTRAR OF JUDGING: Mrs. Ann Duckworth 21 Stuart Street Hayfields Pietermaritzburg 3201 Tel: 033 396 1796
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| First Edition | 1981 |
| Second Edition | 1990 |
| Third Edition | 1994 |
| Third Edition (revised) | 1995 |
| Third Edition (revised) | 2000 |
| Fourth Edition | 2007 |
At a meeting in Bloemfontein on 28 July 1968, the Cape Orchid Society,
the Natal Orchid Society, the Transvaal Orchid Society, and the Orchid Society
of the Northern Transvaal deemed it expedient to establish a Council to promote
and co-ordinate the activities and interests of the orchid societies in South
Africa. It was agreed to the formation of the South African Orchid Council
(S.A.O.C.). In September of the same year the first by-laws for S.A.O.C. Award
Judging were drafted and fifteen people were registered as Accredited S.A.O.C.
Judges. It was stressed even at that stage that there should be a uniform system
of judging for all South African Societies.
In an effort to create uniformity, it was accepted that an S.A.O.C. award would only be granted if the majority of judges agreed to it. In the early stages this entailed sending a set of slides to each Judging School, where a vote was taken. It was the duty of the Registrar of Awards to organise the dispatching of the sets and to report on the final results.
In 1978 it was decided to review all awards annually at a meeting of judges. This meeting is now known as the Judges Forum, which has become the sole opportunity for Accredited S.A.O.C. Judges to standardise Award Judging throughout the country. It also provides a Forum for frank discussion and for the exchange and adoption of new ideas. These contributions have in the past twenty years formed a solid foundation for judging in South Africa. The Forum has become an important date in the S.A.O.C. orchid calendar.
In 1990 it was agreed by the Board of Directors that in order to standardise judging further in South Africa, the entire judging system would have to be evaluated. As a result, a regional judging system, based largely on the American system, was brought into being.
The regulations of orchid judging in South Africa has now developed to a stage where there are four distinct levels of operation:
2.1 Board Of Directors Back to Top
The Board of Directors of the S.A.O.C. formulates the policy that shall be followed to further the aims of the S.A.O.C. It therefore indicates the broad policy of orchid judging in South Africa. It also reviews the major decisions of the Judging Committee to see whether they fit into the accepted policy of the S.A.O.C.
2.2 Chairman of the Judging Committee Back to Top
The Chairman of the Judging Committee shall be an Accredited S.A.O.C. Judge and shall be appointed by the Board of Directors on the recommendation of the Judging Committee, to oversee all aspects of orchid judging under the auspices of the S.A.O.C. This appointed Chairman shall be confirmed yearly at the Annual General Meeting. The term of office shall not exceed three years. The Board of Directors shall have at all times the authority to change the mandate given to the holder of this position or to appoint another member of the Judging Committee.
2.2.1 Duties and responsibilities Back to Top
The duties and responsibilities of the Chairman of the Judging Committee
are:
| a) | the co-ordination of the activities of the Judging Committee; |
| b) | the organisation of the Judges Forum; |
| c) | to oversee the final evaluation of the Learner Judge. |
| d) | to report to the Board of Directors on the activities of the Accredited S.A.O.C. Judges and Learner Judges; |
| e) | to report to the Board of Directors matters regarding judging activities in South Africa; |
| f) | to inform all members of the Judging Committee of the time and place of the Judging Committee meetings at least 14 days prior to the meeting; |
| g) | to compile an agenda for meetings of the Judging Committee; |
| h) | annually to submit the list of judges to the Board of Directors. |
2.3 Vice Chairman of the Judging Committee Back to Top
The Vice Chairman will be recommended by the Judging Committee to the Judges Forum, who may also make a recommendation and who will elect the Vice Chairman by closed ballot. The name of the person elected will be forwarded to the Board of Directors for ratification. The Vice Chairman is to be elected annually. He may not serve for more than three successive terms.
2.4 Judging Committee Back to Top
2.4.1 Composition of the Judging Committee Back to Top
2.4.2 Functioning of the Judging Committee Back to Top
| a) | The Judging Committee shall meet at least once a year. |
| b) | A quorum for such a meeting shall be four Judging Committee members and representing at least two regions. |
| c) | If the Regional Chairman or Regional Vice Chairman cannot attend a Judging Committee meeting an accredited SAOC judge from the region may be substituted by the Regional Chairman to attend and to vote. |
| d) | The Chairman of the Judging Committee shall be the chairman of the meeting and shall have a casting vote. |
| e) | In the event of the Chairman of the Judging Committee or the Vice Chairman not being present and not having nominated a representative, the meeting shall have no force or effect unless the Board of Directors nominates a Chairman from the existing Judging Committee in his place. |
| f) | Any proposals shall be carried by a majority vote only. |
| g) | The Judging Committee shall submit an annual report to the Board of Directors on the occasion of its Annual General Meeting. |
| h) | Minutes of all meetings shall be kept. |
2.4.3 Purpose and responsibilities of the Judging Committee Back to Top
| a) | The primary responsibility of the Judging Committee is the stimulation and encouragement of judging in South Africa. |
| b) | The purpose of the meetings of the Judging Committee will be to co-ordinate all activities relating to judging, to initiate and administer programmes that will stimulate judging and to create an awareness of improved standards. |
| c) | The meetings of the Judging Committee shall also provide an opportunity to report on the state of judging in each region, the activities and number of Accredited S.A.O.C. Judges and Learner Judges. |
| d) | The Participation and performance of the Accredited S.A.O.C. Judges and Learner Judges shall be reviewed annually by the Judging Committee. |
| e) | The proposal either to award or to withdraw the status of `Accredited S.A.O.C. Judge' may be made to the Judging Committee by a Committee member who shall motivate such proposal accordingly. The Judging Committee's resultant decision shall then be submitted to the Board of Directors for ratification. |
| f) | The Judging Committee shall set Learner Judge projects every year. The Regional Chairmen will have the responsibility of sending copies of these projects to the Learner Judges in their regions. |
| g) | Subject to subparagraph ( i ) hereunder, the Judging Committee is responsible for the revision and/or the publication of the S.A.O.C. Regulations and Guidelines on Judging. Revision and publication of new editions shall be undertaken as required. Accredited S.A.O.C. Judges may propose changes to the Regulations and Guidelines of Judging within their Judging Regions. If the majority of a Region's Judges agree with these proposals, their regional Judging Chairman shall forward these to the Judging Committee for its evaluation. |
| h) | The Judging Committee shall compile the syllabus which a Learner Judge is required to study in order to become an Accredited S.A.O.C. Judge and shall submit this syllabus to the Regional Judging Schools. |
| i) | Decision making regarding judging matters and administration is to be taken by the Judging Committee. Decision making regarding judging system and judging policy is to be proposed by the Judging Committee to Forum for scrutinising and, if accepted, to the Board of Directors for ratification. |
2.4.4 Registrar of awards Back to Top
2.4.4.1 Responsibilities of the S.A.O.C. registrar of awards Back to Top
| a) | be in charge of the supervision of the S.A.O.C. Award regulations; |
| b) | have the right to disqualify on technical grounds any award given by a region which, either through error or insufficient knowledge, was granted in violation of the established procedures or requirements of Award Judging; |
| c) | be responsible for the minutes of the Judges Forum and the Judges Committee; |
| d) | circulate the agenda for the Forum to all Accredited S.A.O.C. Judges 30 days before the Forum meets. All proposals from the regions must be received by the Registrar not less than 60 days before the Forum meeting. |
| e) | submit the particulars of the S.A.O.C. Awards to the Editor of the South African Orchid Journal; |
| f) | notify the editor of the South African Orchid Journal for publication of any changes to the Regulations and Guidelines on Judging after such changes have been approved by the Board of Directors. |
| g) | keep the records and the slides of the plants judged. |
2.5. Regional judging Back to Top
In order to administer orchid judging in South Africa, the country is divided into four Regional Judging areas, namely :
Accredited S.A.O.C. Judges who are members of the
South African Orchid Council are automatically attached to the Region in which
they live. However they may participate in the judging activities of other
Regions.
One of the main purposes of Regional Judging is to provide the
members of the S.A.O.C. with a pre-established venue for the Award Judging of
their plants. Additionally, all shows and National events held by affiliated
societies will have a quorum of judges present to conduct Show and/or Award
Judging.
Regional Judging shall take place at least once a month at the
venue as advertised in the South African Orchid Journal.
One of the basic
requirements to establish a Judging Region is that at least five Accredited
S.A.O.C. Judges must be resident within a reasonable radius. A minimum of three
Accredited S.A.O.C. Judges is required at an award judging session.
2.5.1 Supplementary judging region Back to Top
The requirements for establishing a Supplementary Judging Region are that
a)
there must be an identified need
within an orchid growing community which is not already served by the existing
Regional Judging infrastructure; b) a minimum of five Accredited S.A.O.C. Judges live within
reasonable proximity of the centre of an orchid growing area; c) there are sufficient plants of award
potential grown in the area to justify a Supplementary region; d) the affiliated societies within the proposed
Supplementary Regional Judging area will bear the costs associated with the
establishment of a Supplementary Region; e) the establishment of a Supplementary Region shall not
negatively influence the existing Regional Judging Area.
The request to establish a Supplementary Judging Region shall be
initiated by the Regional Chairman of the proposed area. In the request to the
Judging Committee, the Regional Chairman shall justify the necessity of such a
Supplementary Area. This request will, on the recommendation of the Judging
Committee, be forwarded to the Board of Directors for a final
decision.
Correspondingly, should the above conditions applying to the
establishment of a Supplementary Region no longer be applicable, because one of
the conditions is not being met, then the Judging Committee will recommend to
the Board of Directors that the status of `Region' or `Supplementary Region' be
withdrawn from that area.
It is in the interests of every affiliated
society within an area to co-operate in the establishment of Regional Judging as
all judging of plants and shows depends on co-operation among the affiliated
societies in supporting the system. Co-operation may take the form of financial
assistance if necessary.
2.5.2 Regional Judging School Back to Top
| a) | The aims of the Regional Judging Schools are to train Learner Judges and to keep the existing Accredited S.A.O.C. Judges up to date with the latest trends in judging, judging standards, hybridisation, etc. |
| b) | Members of the Regional Judging School may be appointed to the various classes of elected officials. Two thirds of the members of the Regional Judging School shall form a quorum at the annual business meeting, which shall be held to elect a Chairman and Vice Chairman who must be judges, a Registrar and any other officials as may be required. |
| c) | A Judging School meeting shall be deemed to have taken place if two Accredited S.A.O.C. Judges (or mor e) were present to give instruction or guidance on any orchid judging aspect to Learner Judges. |
| d) | Each Regional Judging School shall decide how many times they want to convene, as well as deciding on the venue. However, in order to make it worthwhile for Accredited S.A.O.C. Judges and Learner Judges to travel great distances to the venue, it is suggested that consideration be given to having the meeting only once or twice a year in the form of a seminar, possibly extending over the two days of a weekend. Should these seminars be held, their dates and venues should be published in the South African Orchid Journal. |
| e) | The syllabus as compiled by the Judging Committee should serve as a basis on which the Judging School Programme is developed. |
| f) | Written minutes of all Regional Judging School meetings shall be kept. An Attendance register shall also be kept. Accredited S.A.O.C. Judges and Learner Judges must initial the attendance register for each meeting attended. |
| g) | A list of all Learner Judges shall be submitted to the Judging Committee by the Regional Judging Chairman before the start of the annual Judges Forum. |
| h) | A list of all Accredited S.A.O.C. Judges of each region, who have complied with the requirements as laid down in the S.A.O.C. Regulations and Guidelines on Judging in terms of remaining on the judges' list, shall be forwarded by the Regional Judging Chairman to the Judging Committee in good time before the start of the annual Judges' Forum as proof of their participation. A specific note must be made of the names of the judges who have been granted leave of absence. |
| i) | Accredited S.A.O.C. Judges and Learner Judges may attend other Regional Judging School meetings. |
2.5.3 Regional Judging Chairman Back to Top
Each region shall have a Regional Judging Chairman who will be a member of
the Judging Committee.
The responsibilities and duties of this position are :
| a) | the unification and promotion of judging in that region; |
| b) | the encouragement of the submission of plants for Award Judging; |
| c) | to organise the region's judging and Regional Judging School; |
| d) | to establish a venue for the monthly S.A.O.C. Award Judging; |
| e) | to publish in good time, the venue, times and dates of the monthly S.A.O.C. Award Judging and Regional Judging School Meeting; |
| f) | to have final authority in matters of dispute with regard to regional judging; |
| g) | to encourage the attendance at shows of Accredited S.A.O.C. Judges in such a way that all affiliated society shows are judged without bias; |
| h) | ………[not used] |
| i) | to inform a member's home society that the member has received an award at a Regional Judging session; |
| j) | to prepare and submit a written report to the Chairman of the Judging Committee, before every meeting of this Committee, on the attendance of judges, the number and names of the plants which received awards and the type of award granted to them, as well as how many plants were rejected; |
| k) | to keep a register of judges' activities during the year, which includes society meetings, show judging, judging meetings, seminars and other events. |
| l) | to circulate the award statistic sheets to the other regions; |
| m) | The Regional Chairman's report will enable the Judging Committee to make a fair assessment of judges' commitment, interest and activities in judging matters for the year. If a shortfall can be connected with temporary circumstances beyond his control, his value in future judging activities must be investigated and kept in mind before possible recommendation to the Board of Directors for omission from the Judges List is made. Recommendations to the Board of Directors for omission will only follow after the necessary contact has been made with the judge concerned and a lack of interest in judging matters can be ascertained by the Judging Committee. |
3.1 Accredited S.A.O.C. Judges Back to Top
An accredited S.A.O.C. Judge is a judge who has qualified and thereafter been recommended to the Board of Directors by the Judging Committee, and has been accepted for appointment to this position by the Board of Directors.
However, the status of all judges shall be reviewed annually by the Judging Committee in order to establish whether they may retain their accreditation.
By implication every Accredited S.A.O.C. Judge is an official of the South African Orchid Council, and as the S.A.O.C. is a registered company, Award Judging is given meaning and stature by the use of the epithet S.A.O.C.
Additional to the above, an S.A.O.C. Accredited Judge is entrusted by the Board of Directors through the Judging Committee, to pass critical and unbiased judgement on the merits and demerits of orchid species and hybrids and exhibits at Shows.
As the family Orchidaceae has such a vast number of species and a great number of hybrids derived from them, it is not possible for any one judge to possess a comprehensive knowledge of all its genera and species, but the following requirements are basic.
3.1.1 Requirements for an accredited S.A.O.C. Judge Back to Top
3.1.1.1 Knowledge Back to Top
An Accredited S.A.O.C. Judge must have
| a) | a thorough knowledge of the species and hybrids of those genera most commonly grown; |
| b) | a general knowledge of the species and hybrids of the lesser known genera; |
| c) | an understanding of the potential limits of the species involved in hybridisation, of the achievement of the breeder, and the effects of polyploidy; |
| d) | a knowledge of arrangement and composition with reference to the plant group exhibits |
3.1.1.2 Ability Back to Top
An Accredited S.A.O.C. Judge a) must be able to organise his knowledge quickly, effectively and objectively, recognising his own personal preferences and prejudices, but must not allow them to influence him unduly; b) must be able to formulate his own opinion independently of the other judges present; c) conversely, must be able to recognise the merits of the opinions of the other judges; d) should have no marked abnormality in colour perception; e) should be able to travel to areas other than the one in which he resides, in order to participate in judging activities; f) should have access to orchid literature in order to keep up to date with trends in orchid judging and orchid growing.
3.1.1.3 Duties and responsibilities Back to Top
An Accredited S.A.O.C. Judge
| a) | while judging, must conduct himself in a manner that will never bring his integrity into question; |
| b) | must be a member in good standing of the S.A.O.C. through an orchid society affiliated to the S.A.O.C. and regularly attend this society's meetings. |
| c) | must endeavour to keep up to date with current judging trends, both national and international; |
| d) | must attend as many orchid shows as possible; |
| e) | must, prior to Award Judging, acquaint himself with the statistics and
records concerning the plant, which has been put up for
judging. |
| f) | must disqualify himself from participating in the judging of any orchid of which he is an owner; |
| g) | must disqualify himself from participating in the judging of any exhibit with which he is involved; |
| h) | must conduct himself in a manner which will not bring his integrity into question and will permit the harmonious interchange of information; |
| i) | must express himself clearly and unequivocally in his evaluation of a plant, inflorescence, flower or exhibit, avoiding passive acceptance or aggressive rejection of the other judges' opinions; |
| j) | must co-operate at all times with his regional judging chairman in completing all routine duties and must remain with the team until the chairman excuses all present; |
| k) | must act at all times in a manner which maintains the high standards of S.A.O.C. judging, and by word and deed, act in a way as to reflect credit on the S.A.O.C., his region and himself. |
| l) | may not have been removed from an office of trust on account of misconduct; |
| m) | may not have been prosecuted or convicted of theft, fraud, or any other form of dishonesty. |
3.1.1.4 Prerequisites to retain the status of accredited S.A.O.C. Judge Back to Top
An Accredited S.A.O.C. Judge
| a) | must maintain membership in good standing of the S.A.O.C. through an affiliated orchid society of the S.A.O.C. and continue to attend regularly meetings of this society. If for any reason he lets his membership lapse, he shall forfeit his standing as an Accredited S.A.O.C. Judge; |
| b) | must be actively engaged in the cultivation of orchids and must have access to international orchid journals; |
| c) | shall initial an attendance register kept by the Regional Judging Chairman for each meeting he attends; |
| d) | is obliged to attend one Forum every three years, preferably the Forum at the triennial S.A.O.C. Show and Conference. An Accredited S.A.O.C. Judge not attending a Forum should tender his apology in writing to his Regional Judging Chairman as well as to the Chairman of the Judging Committee ; |
| e) | shall fulfil his responsibilities as regards the rules and regulations of S.A.O.C. judging; |
| f) | shall apply for leave of absence in writing, indicating why it is needed. This should be addressed to the Regional Judging Chairman and forwarded by him to the Judging Committee. This leave shall be granted by the Judging Committee for one year. After one year the judge must resign and may apply for reinstatement. The concept of limited involvement is accepted according to circumstances. |
| g) | may resign at any time by addressing a written request to the Regional Judging Chairman, who will in turn submit the request to the Board of Directors through the Judging Committee. Once the resignation has been accepted, the Judge's name shall be removed from the Judges' list. The same conditions shall apply to an Accredited S.A.O.C. Judge who wishes to retire from the system; |
| h) | may have his term of office terminated by the Board of Directors, on the recommendation of the Judging Committee, for lack of participation, inadequacy, or for any violation of the standards and behaviour expected from an Accredited S.A.O.C. Judge. A letter of termination shall be written to the Judge by the Judging Committee after the recommendation is accepted by the Board of Directors. However, before an Accredited S.A.O.C. Judge's term of office can be terminated, the Regional Judging Chairman must bring these facts to the Judge's notice in writing. According to the Judge's response, the Regional Judging Chairman shall recommend to the Judging Committee the course of action to be followed. Once the termination of an Accredited S.A.O.C. Judge's appointment is accepted by the Board of Directors, his name shall be removed from the Judges' list; |
| i) | who has voluntarily resigned or retired may request to be reinstated on the recommendation of the Judging Committee to the Board of Directors. His reinstatement may be conditional and any conditions suggested by the Judging Committee shall be approved by the Board of Directors; |
| j) | whose term of office has been terminated, may apply to the Judging Committee to have his position reviewed. He may be reinstated by a unanimous vote of the Board of Directors. His reinstatement may be conditional. |
3.1.1.4.1 Terms of office Back to Top
The term of office of each and every Accredited S.A.O.C. Judge shall be reviewed annually by the Judging Committee. The Regional Judging Chairman shall forward to the Judging Committee a report on the activities of each judge. These reports shall be evaluated by the Judging Committee who shall then present the national list of Accredited S.A.O.C. Judges to the Board of Directors. The final termination or reinstatement of the terms of office of an Accredited S.A.O.C. Judge shall be the responsibility of the S.A.O.C. Board of Directors.
3.1.1.5 Accreditation of judges from other countries Back to Top
A judge from another country must apply in writing, to first become a Learner Judge in a South African Regional Judging School for 12 months. At the end of that period the Regional Chairman may nominate that person to sit the judges' examination. It will not be a prerequisite to submit projects, but he is free to do so.
3.2 Retired Judge Back to Top
Retirement is a special status, which may be conferred upon an accredited judge who served satisfactorily for a minimum of 10 years as an active accredited judge, but for reasons acceptable to the Board of Directors is unable to continue to serve. A judge may direct his request for retirement to the Regional Chairman or the action may be initiated by the Judging Committee. This procedure is not to be confused with termination of a judges service. A retired judge shall no longer participate in S.A.O.C. judging, regional meetings or national meetings as a judge, unless by initiation of the region.
3.3 Learner Judges Back to Top
Any person who is a member of the S.A.O.C. shall apply in writing to the Regional Judging Chairman for that area for consideration as a Learner Judge. Such application must be proposed by a Society of which the applicant is a member. The Regional Judging Chairman shall forward to the Judging Committee the necessary proof of the applicant's interest and participation in orchid activities. This must be done annually The provisions contained in Subsections 3.1.1.3. (1) and (m) shall ipso facto apply to learner judges.
3.3.1 Duties and responsibilities Back to Top
A Learner Judge shall
| a) | attend his home society meetings and participate in plant table discussions; |
| b) | complete the projects within the designated time; |
| c) | study the syllabus for the Learner Judges' examination; |
| d) | be a steward at shows; |
| e) | participate in the Regional Judging School activities; |
| f) | attend shows and Regional Judging School sessions; |
| g) | have access to national and international orchid journals; |
| h) | look up award statistics at judging sessions; |
| i) | participation in plant table discussions at the home society meetings. |
3.3.2 The Learner Judges’ Training System (Tier System) Back to Top
This is open to all paid up members of a Society affiliated to the S.A.O.C.
Such a person must be a grower of different genera of orchids and an exhibitor at shows.
He must be in possession of an up to date Regulations and Guidelines on Judging published by the S.A.O.C. and have access to A.O.S. Awards Quarterly and A.O.S. Orchids magazine and other journals.
He must attend and participate in at least one workshop/seminar in his region every year he is a learner.
He must register, attend and participate in at least one National Show during his apprenticeship, and must preferably attend one Judge’s Forum during his apprenticeship.
Learner Judges who live within 60 kilometres of a regional base where a judging session is scheduled to take place, must attend at least 75% of the scheduled meetings of that region and 75% of the society’s monthly meetings.
This system is designed to accommodate learner judges who have a range of growing experience, from novices to experienced growers. Candidates, upon entering the system will be assessed as to their level of competence in each of the relevant categories (as below) . Candidates will therefore only be required to further qualify themselves in those areas where their knowledge/experience is not up to the required standard. Upon satisfactory completion of all three tiers, candidates shall attain full accreditation upon the recommendation of Judges’ Forum, at the next Director’s Meeting where this matter must be placed on the agenda with due notice.
3.3.3 Description of tier system and requirements Back to Top
TIER ONE: PLANT TABLE JUDGE (Regional assessment only)
It is envisaged that a candidate will qualify for the status of Plant Table Judge within the Region with assessment being performed in that Region by local Judges. Only at Tiers Two and Three will National assessment take place. To qualify for this tier a candidate must display the following skills and/or knowledge.
1. Orchid Species Identification:
A candidate must correctly identify 75 % of the plants/slides shown to him/her. There will be 40 slides/plants presented, 20 of which will be building block species, 10 commonly grown species from the candidate’s region and 10 African/South African species.
2. Identification of Floral Parts:
A candidate must correctly identify 75 % of the floral parts of a variety of flowers ranging from those of the major genera to specific, highly modified flowers eg. Coryanthes. Candidates will be presented with 10 flowers, slides or diagrams.
3. Anatomy and Morphology:
A candidate must be familiar with the anatomy and morphology of orchid plants and flowers and must be able to define terms and identify plant structures with 75% accuracy upon oral or written testing.
4. Physiology and Pollination:
A candidate must display a basic knowledge of orchid physiology and pollination and should achieve 60 % upon written or oral testing. Topics covered include photosynthesis, mycorrhizal association, the control of flowering, pollinator syndromes, the effects of pollination, cleistogamy and apomixes.
5. Culture and Propagation:
A candidate should be able to discuss the culture and propagation of at least the major genera and obtain 60% upon written or oral testing. Topics covered should include the use of different media, the effects of light, water and fertiliser, and modes of propagation.
6. Pests and Diseases:
A candidate should have a basic knowledge of the commoner pests and diseases affecting orchids and be able to identify them and offer suggestions as to the control thereof. Candidates should obtain 60 % upon oral or written testing.
7. Flower Standards of the Major genera:
A candidate should display a knowledge of the floral standards expected within the major genera as broad groups eg. labiata cattleyas, standard cymbidiums. An in-depth knowledge of the standards of breeding "lines" within the genera is not expected at this time. Candidates should obtain 75 % upon oral, written or (preferably) practical testing.
8. Taxonomy and Nomenclature:
A candidate should display a basic understanding of taxonomy and nomenclature as it relates to the naming of plants, hybrid registration, the writing of labels, the difference between botanical and horticultural names, etc. Candidates should obtain 60% upon oral or written testing.
9. Breeding Characteristics of Species:
A candidate should know the characteristics, both good and bad, that species pass on to their progeny, to recognise the influence of species in the background of hybrids and be able to gain 60 % in an oral, written or (preferably) practical test.
10. The Theory of Plant Table Presentation:.
A candidate should display a theoretical knowledge of how to present a plant table, discuss plants in terms of the quality of the flowers, comment on the quality of and dispense advice on culture . The principles of successful communication must be known. Candidates must obtain 60 % upon oral or written testing.
11. Practical Plant Table Presentation:
A candidate must present a plant table, or at least part of a plant table thereby demonstrating a practical ability to place plants in 1st, 2nd and 3rd class categories (giving reasons), discuss the good and bad points of a plant in a constructive fashion, dispense advice on culture and answer any questions from the floor. The assessment will take the form of a Panel Review by Judges from the Region and candidates will either pass or fail. Successful completion of this Module will allow the candidate to qualify as a Plant Table Judge and to proceed to the next Tier.
TIER TWO: SHOW JUDGE
It is envisaged that a candidate will qualify for Tier One status of Plant Table Judge within the Region with assessment being performed in that Region by local Judges.To qualify for this Tier a candidate must already have qualified for Tier One and display the following skills and /or knowledge.
1. Judging Handbook (Regional assessment)
A candidate must be familiar with the contents of the SAOC Judging Handbook with special emphasis on pages 33-41 and should obtain 60 % upon written or oral testing.
2. Major Breeding Lines, Judging Standards and Genetics (Regional assessment)
A candidate should know what constitutes a good example of quality from the major breeding lines of the major genera as reflected in the Show Schedule and should obtain 60% upon written, oral or (preferably) practical testing
3. Placement of Plants in Classes (Regional assessment)
A candidate should be able to advise a grower on the correct class in which to enter any plant presented according to the Show Schedule in use at the time. Furthermore, he/she should, once plant acceptance has closed, be able to check that all entries on the Show have been classed correctly. This is a practical exercise and should be performed with 100% accuracy and be assessed by a panel from the Region at a Show, mock Show or Society meeting.
4. Leading a Show Judging or Stand Judging Team (Regional assessment)
A candidate should be able to draw up a judging team taking into account the expertise and personalities of the members; control stewards/runners, the process of nomination of placement and trophies, etc. Candidates will either be passed or failed by an assessment panel of Judges from the Region.
5. Assessing Quality (Placement) and Nominating Trophy Winners (National assessment)
. A candidate will either be passed or failed by an assessment team of Judges from at least two regions based on the candidate’s practical ability to confidently and speedily place plants without influencing or being influenced by others, and on his/her ability to defend his/her choices.
6 Stand Judging (National assessment)
A candidate will either be passed or failed by an assessment team of Judges from at least two regions based on the candidate’s practical ability to confidently and speedily nominate a score on the Stand Judging Sheet without influencing or being influenced by others, and on his/hers ability to defend his/hers choices.
TIER THREE: AWARD JUDGE
To qualify for this Tier a candidate must already have qualified for Tier One and Tier Two and display the following skilled and/or knowledge.
1. Research Previous Awards or Comparable Breeding Lines (National assessment)
A candidate must be able to complete the Comparative Awards sheet selecting suitable examples of awards to the same cultivar or grex from available literature. Should there be no awards to the grex the candidate must be able to select awards to parents of the grex or awards to similar breeding lines. Furthermore, upon awarding a plant the candidate must complete the Derivation of Award sheets. Candidates must perform the above tasks with 100% accuracy upon practical testing by an assessment team of Judges from at least two Regions.
2. Perform Award Measurements (National assessment)
A candidate should be capable of taking measurements of a plant required for award purposes with 100 % accuracy upon practical testing.
3. Evaluate Plants (National assessment)
A candidate should be able to select the correct judging sheet as required and speedily and accurately score a range of plants (two – three) so as to independently arrive at a score that differs from the Judges’ average by no more than 5 %. This is a practical exercise and candidates will either be passed or failed by an assessment panel of Judges from at least two Regions.
4. Write Award Description (Regional assessment)
A candidate should be able to produce an acceptable description of an awarded plant in the format described and accepted by the SAOC. Candidates will either be passed or failed by an assessment panel of Judges.
5. Lead an Award Judging Team (Regional assessment)
A candidate should be able to lead a judging team in such a fashion that fair discussion of the plant takes place, but that no influencing occurs; must solicit scores from the other Judges and be capable of nominating their own scores. Candidates will either be passed or failed by an assessment panel of Judges.
6. Appreciation Judging (National assessment)
A candidate will either be passed or failed by an assessment team of Judges from at least THREE regions based on the candidate’s practical ability to confidently and speedily nominate a score (within 5 % of the Judges average) for plants presented for award consideration at National Shows and events, without influencing or being influenced by others, and on his/her ability to defend his/her nomination.
ADDITIONAL SKILLS:
In order to become a fully accredited SAOC Judge a candidate must also display a number of additional skills as outlined below:
1. Presentations and Communication Skills (Regional
assessment)
A candidate must be able to present a talk on some aspect of
orchidology to his/her Regional Judging at a seminar or garden club, etc.
Furthermore, a candidate should make and present a slide show of some form and
produce written submissions suitable for publication in the SAOC Yearbook,
Society Newsletter, etc. This practical ability will be assessed by a panel of
Judges from the Region.
2. Organising Skills (Regional assessment)
A candidate
should display the ability to organise a function such as the Judging School
meeting, Society meeting, seminar, speaker’s programme, species outing, etc.
3. Personal Skills (Regional and national assessment)
A
candidate should display the following: patience, tact and diplomacy, integrity,
confidence, leadership and independence, neat personal appearance, a desire to
keep up to date with current trends, good colour vision, openness and
approachability, acceptance of criticism, etc. Assessment of the above will be
on-going both in the Region and at National level as the candidate interacts
with his fellow Judges.
3.3.4 Syllabus for Learner Judges Back to Top
[accepted at the 1984 Judges Forum]
[amended in 1991 by the S.A.O.C.
Judging Committee]
[amended in 2005 by the S.A.O.C. Judging Committee]
3.3.4.1 Orchid biology Back to Top
The structure of the ten main orchid flower groups-
| a) | the Cattleya alliance |
| b) | the Vanda alliance |
| c) | the Odontoglossum alliance |
| d) | the Phalaenopsis alliance |
| e) | the Lycaste alliance |
| f) | Paphiopedilum |
| g) | Cymbidium |
| h) | Dendrobium |
| i) | Disa, Satyrium, Eulophia, Disperis and the main South African epiphytes |
| j) | Masdevallia alliance |
3.3.4.2 Basic orchid Culture Back to Top
Cultivation of the main ten groups; countries of origin and habitats – related to climatic regions of species used mainly for the breeding of the ten main groups (For example, monsoon climatic regions, high altitude rain forest, etc.). Optimum temperature ranges, light/shade requirements, importance of aeration to roots, feeding.
3.3.4.3 Propagation Back to Top
Vegetative propagation. Symbiotic and asymbiotic germination of seed. Stem propagation.
3.3.4.4 Pest and diseases Back to Top
Be able to recognise the main types of insect pests, bacterial diseases, fungal and viral infections. Study the booklet: American Orchid Society’s Handbook on Orchid Pests and Diseases.
3.3.4.5 Basic cytology and genetics Back to Top
Chromosomes, chromosome counting, reduction division in the formation of gametes. Diploids, polyploids, triploids, tetraploids, pentaploids and hexaploids. Origin of chance tetraploids – unreduced gametes; sterility of triploids and pentaploids; artificially induced polyploids using colchicine. General characteristics of plants with different polyploidy levels. For example floriferousness, rate of growth, flower shape and substance
Inheritance; genes – dominant and recessive characteristics in the ten main groups. Colour intensification in the Cattleya alliance – recessive albinos, Hurst’s table. Self-sterility in the Sarcanthinae. Seed production – parthenogamy and cleistogamy.
3.3.4.6 Orchid breeding Back to Top
Aims of breeding. Importance of line breeding (for example in the genera Disa, Vanda, etc.). The effects of desirable/undesirable characteristics of the species in the ten main groups in terms of shape, colour, substance, flowering time etc. A knowledge of the main breeding lines in at least the ten main groups.
3.3.4.7 Hybrid registration Back to Top
Hybrid registration – procedure in the registration of new names. Naming of hybrids. Orchid nomenclature (procedure, reason for name changing, priority and correct usage of taxonomic levels). For example, variety, form, clone, grex, etc.
3.3.4.8 Judging Back to Top
The aims of judging; show judging and the show schedules; award judging; point scoring versus appreciation judging; the value of point scoring; judging in relation to current standards of excellence. S.A.O.C. and A.O.S. and R.H.S. awards. Judging procedure and etiquette. Recording of awards; confirmation of awards. S.A.O.C. Regulations and Guidelines on Judging; judging criteria. (Memorisation of detail point allocation for different genera or groups is unnecessary).
3.4 Emeritus judge Back to Top
Recommendation that an Accredited S.A.O.C. Judge be granted honorary status may be initiated by the Regional Judging Chairman of the region in which the judge in question resides. To receive this status, the highest honour that can be bestowed on an Accredited S.A.O.C. Judge, his years of office and his outstanding service are the prime considerations. This status may not be requested by the judge himself. The judge's record of participation in judging activities must have been consistent and his associates must consider him in every way to be worthy of this elevation. The recommendation must be a unanimous decision at the Regional Judging level and also by the Judging Committee. The honour is bestowed under the final authority of the S.A.O.C. Board of Directors. The names of the Emeritus Judges shall appear on the Judges' List at all times and shall not be reviewed annually.
4.1 General information on award judging Back to Top
If a member of the S.A.O.C. submits a plant for an award and the judges deem that plant worthy of recognition, the plant, thereafter, until other procedures are undertaken, has an award epithet, for example Cattleya Bob Betts ’Snow White‘ SM/NR. This is an abbreviation standing for Silver Medal / Natal Region. If the plant was awarded by the Transvaal-Free State Region, then the abbreviation would be SM/TFR, similarly SM/CR being used by the Cape Region.
Three types of medals can be awarded, namely a Bronze Medal to a plant achieving n 75% and less that 80%; a Silver Medal for a score of 80% and less than 90%; and a Gold Medal for of 90% or more.
Although the Judging Region does not itself award medals or even certificates, it is customary, but certainly not obligatory, for the affiliated society to which the member belongs to award a medal or certificate.
4.2 Rules and procedures for submitting a plant for award judging Back to Top
4.3 Procedures for award judging at regional level Back to Top
4.4 Procedures for award judging at national level Back to Top
There are certain occasions other than at regional judging, when award judging can also take place. These occasions are published National Events. A National Event is the triennial S.A.O.C. National Conference and Show, a Symposium, a Judging Seminar, a Species Weekend or any other event that the S.A.O.C. may introduce. These events are organised with a view to bringing members of all societies together. Special attention is given to advance advertising to ensure the good attendance of both S.A.O.C. Judges and other members.
The difference in the Award Judging at a national Event is that the awards given are not subject to the process of ratification at Forum provided the procedures listed below are met.
4.5 S.A.O.C. award submission regulations Back to Top
The following regulations must be followed to raise a Regional Award to a national award, or to confirm an award granted at the occasion of a National Event.
4.6 Judges Forum Back to Top
The Judges Forum is composed of all Accredited S.A.O.C. Judges and Emeritus Judges.
4.6.1 Authority of forum Back to Top
The Judges Forum shall have final authority with respect to
4.6.2 Forum meetings and procedures Back to Top
4.7 S.A.O.C. botanists Back to Top
Mr. G. McDonald5.1 Judging sheet A - Flower quality award - All genera Back to Top
This sheet is used to evaluate all hybrids of any generic combination as well as all species.
It is used to judge according to type and breeding any hybrid or species which shows improved floricultural characteristics over its parents or over plant/s previously seen. The condition or the appearance of the plant itself plays no part in the final assessment of the flower except in the case of species where the quality of culture is assessed to some extent.
Judging Sheet A is not weighted and all criteria are scored out of 100%. This
sheet has six different sets of criteria to cover various genera. Hybrids of all
genera are scored under general, with the exception of novelty and miniature
Cymbidiums, Paphiopedilums (both single and multi-flowere
d)
, Masdevallias (both species and hybrids) and genera with
insignificant petals. Species (except as noted above, which species shall be
scored as for Masdevallias) of all other genera are scored in the species
column.
S.A.O.C. AWARDS
90% minimum: F.C.C. (First Class Certificate)SLIDE REQUIREMENTS
FIVE copies each of the following slides must be taken against a uniform, monochrome background with no intrusive objects.
Note that the flower photographed should be the one that was measured and then judged.5.2 Judging sheet B - CHM / CCE / CCA Back to Top
Judging Sheet B is weighted but the criteria are scored out of 100% and then multiplied by a factor as indicated.
5.2.1 Certificate of horticultural merit Back to Top
This award is used to evaluate the successful establishment and first time introduction to cultivation of a species or a natural/artificial hybrid which represents a worthy new concept in horticultural desirability. The granting of this award should stimulate growers to secure as large and as varied a gene bank (gene pool) as possible, in their growing region. Official recognition of species should also assist in stimulating hybridisers into taking note of potentially different and/or new bloodlines.
In the allocation of points, establishment and the size of the plant are given importance in an effort to prevent a weak and/or recently imported or collected plant from gaining this award. Rarity in general cultivation is also scored to ensure that the plant submitted is not already known.
S.A.O.C. AWARDS
90% Minimum FCC/CHM Showing scoreSLIDE REQUIREMENTS
FIVE copies each of the following slides must be taken against a uniform, monochrome background with no intrusive objects.
FURTHER REQUIREMENTS
If the plant presented is a species, the judges present may request a taxonomic verification if there is debate as to the correctness of the identification. Should this be the case then the same procedure is followed as for plants of BOTANICAL MERIT. (see FURTHER REQUIREMENTS 5.5)
5.2.2 Certificate of cultural excellence Back to Top
This award is granted to a grower in recognition of his achievement in cultivating any orchid in such a manner of perfection as to produce an excellent plant carrying a maximum number of spikes with fresh and unblemished flowers. In the assessment for this award, the condition and the appearance of the plant itself is of prime consideration. The judges must make every effort to ascertain that the plant is a single genetic entity and that the grower has used no contrived manipulation. (e.g. cutting through the rhizome) to achieve a plant of specimen size.
S.A.O.C. AWARDS
90% Minimum FCC/CHM Showing scoreSLIDE REQUIREMENTS
FIVE slides of the whole plant to show the plant and spikes to the best advantage, taken against a uniform, monocolour background, avoiding photographing the pot or the container.
FURTHER REQUIREMENTS
A signed letter stating ownership for at least two years and with complete cultural description shall be submitted by the owner before this award shall be granted at S.A.O.C. level.
5.2.3 Certificate of cultural ability Back to Top
This award is granted to a grower in recognition of his cultural ability and achievement in cultivating and flowering particularly well any orchid known to be difficult to maintain or flower in cultivation. In the final assessment the condition and appearance of the plant itself is of prime consideration.
S.A.O.C. AWARDS
90% Minimum FCC/CHM Showing scoreSLIDE REQUIREMENTS
FIVE slides of the whole plant to show the plant and spikes to their best advantage, taken against a uniform, monocolour background, avoiding photographing the pot or the container.
FURTHER REQUIREMENTS
A signed letter stating ownership for at least two years and with complete cultural description shall be submitted by the owner before this award will be granted at the S.A.O.C. level.
5.3 Judging sheet C – Judges Commendation and Award of Distinction Back to Top
5.3.1 Judges commendation Back to Top
Awarded to individual orchids, or occasionally to groups of orchids, which in the judges' opinion have some notable quality which they are unable to point score. The specific value or values for which this award is granted, must be recorded clearly. It must be granted unanimously by the team of judges without scoring.
S.A.O.C. AWARDS
No scoring CERTIFICATE
SLIDE REQUIREMENTS
FIVE slides of either the whole plant, the inflorescence or a single flower, whichever shows the notable quality to the best advantage. This must be accompanied by a clear and/or detailed description.
5.3.2 Award of distinction Back to Top
Granted only once to a cross exhibited as one or several cultivars which represent a worthy new direction in breeding. This is granted unanimously by the judging team without scoring. Both the hybridiser and the exhibitor, if different, will receive a certificate.
S.A.O.C. AWARDS
No scoring CERTIFICATE
SLIDE REQUIREMENTS
FIVE slides of either the whole plant, the inflorescence, or a single flower, whichever shows the notable quality to the best advantage. Clonal names should be mentioned together with a clear and/or detailed description of the plant.
5.4 Award of quality Back to Top
NO JUDGING SHEET IS REQUIRED
Granted only once to a single species or cross. The exhibitor shall show not less than twelve cultivars of an artificially raised species, or any hybrid which may or may not have been made before. If made before there must be sufficient improvement over the first, to warrant an award.
Granted on the unanimous decision of the judges present without scoring. Both the hybridiser and the exhibitor, if different, will receive a certificate.
S.A.O.C. AWARDS
No scoring CERTIFICATE
SLIDE REQUIREMENTS
FIVE slides of the twelve or more plants, photographed as close up as possible, against a uniform, monocolour background, avoiding photographing the pots. The plants must be arranged as a group to show each one to the best advantage.
5.5 Certificate of botanical recognition Back to Top
NO JUDGING SHEET IS REQUIRED
This is awarded for the first time introduction of a species that may not be considered of horticultural merit. This certificate is awarded by a two-thirds majority of the judges present by a vote and not by point scoring. Size and establishment of plant are of prime importance. A detailed description of the plant and flower to be supplied to build up a botanical register for future reference. A taxonomical verification is essential (See FURTHER REQUIREMENTS).
S.A.O.C. AWARDS
No scoring CERTIFICATE
SLIDE REQUIREMENTS
FIVE copies each of the following slides must be taken against a uniform, monochrome background with no intrusive objects.
FURTHER REQUIREMENTS
Once this award has been granted at the Regional level, it is essential that taxonomic verification is obtained. This is carried out as follows: Flowers must be picked only after the official photographs have been taken, and must be given to a botanist who has been appointed by the S.A.O.C. Board of Directors. (The names and addresses of the official botanists shall be published annually in the South African Orchid Journal) .
Note : If the natural spread of the flower exceeds 30 mm, one flower must be pickled; if the natural spread is less than 30 mm, two or more flowers must be pickled. (The ideal preserving fluid for orchid flowers is formoacetic alcohol : 100 ml of 50% ethyl alcohol, 2,5 ml of formaldehyde (concentrated) , 6,5 ml of glacial acetic acid. If these preserving solutions are not available, methylated spirits will suffice.)
The final granting of the award is subject to the receipt by the Registrar of Awards of a written taxonomic verification the procuring of which is the sole responsibility of the exhibitor. The regional Judging Chairman, however, is expected to render all possible assistance.
5.6 Pioneer Medal Back to Top
NO JUDGING SHEET IS REQUIRED
To be granted to the South African breeder of a new grex in which at least five cultivars have been granted S.A.O.C. quality awards.
S.A.O.C. AWARDS
No scoring CERTIFICATE
SLIDE REQUIREMENTS
No slide requirements
5.7 The S.A.O.C. Breeders Achievement Award Back to Top
NO JUDGING SHEET IS REQUIRED
A certificate to be awarded to the breeder of a South African bred hybrid which must not be a remake of an existing hybrid. The hybrid has to have received a quality award at Forum, and the granting of the Breeders Achievement Award is to be decided by a clear majority vote from the judges.
S.A.O.C. AWARDS
No scoring CERTIFICATE
SLIDE REQUIREMENTS
No slide requirements
5.8 New Direction Certificate Back to Top
NO JUDGING SHEET IS REQUIRED
To be awarded to a breeder in recognition of his achievement in producing novel and/or innovative directions of breeding. Slides and background information to be submitted to the region. Certificate to be grated at Judges Forum by a clear majority.
S.A.O.C. AWARDS
No scoring CERTIFICATE
SLIDE REQUIREMENTS
No slide requirements
5.9 Judging sheet D - Society and other exhibits Back to Top
This sheet is used to score the qualities of design and construction of Show stalls or exhibits.
DESIGN is the preplanning of the whole as a unit. The principles of design encompass unity, balance, harmony, scale, form, colour, utilisation of space etc.
ORIGINALITY is personal taste, imagination and sense of the theme.
APPLICATION OF THEME is the personal interpretation of the theme.
ARRANGEMENT AND COMPATIBILITY of all the material is the manner in which all the orchids are used. The foliage plants and greenery, the props and the background must be combined to give maximum effect. They must not in any way overshadow the orchids. Simplicity is the keynote.
QUALITY OF FLOWERS means that the cultivars chosen for display should show above average quality.
CONDITION OF FLOWERS AND PLANTS. These should be well grown and well groomed. Faded and damaged flowers will be penalised. Foliage plants should also be of good quality, well grown and well groomed.
NEATNESS. The display or stall or exhibit should be tidy and neatly finished off.
To facilitate the keeping of standardised records on awards and to develop a clear understanding of these records, a uniform method of measurement and description is essential. The following outline represents a summary of the concepts and techniques agreed upon.
Description of the regional Awards should include all the data here under, where applicable, with all measurements given in millimetres.
The following principles should be kept in mind:
6.1 Measurements Back to Top
Natural Spread. This measurement must always be across the
extreme outer margins of the flower segments in a horizontal plane without
changing the natural carriage of the flower in any way. If this is not the
greatest measurement then the greatest measurement should also be indicated. If
the symbol ‘O’ is used to indicate the greatest diameter, it should be filled in
on the award sheet as follows: –
means, for example, the greatest diameter
measured horizontally across the petals.
\ means the greatest diameter
measured from the tip of the ventral sepal to the tip of the dorsal sepal.
|
means the greatest diameter measured from the tip of the dorsal sepal to the tip
of the lip (vertical);
θ The stroke through the circle is made according to
the diameter that is actually measured.
Dorsal Sepal. Measurement for the width of the dorsal sepal is taken across the maximum dimension that can be found. The sepal is flattened into a plane. The length of the sepal is taken from the point where it is attached to the column to the tip, along a central vein flattened into a plane.
Petals. Exactly the same as the sepals.
Lateral sepals/synsepalum/ventral. Exactly the same as the sepals.
Lip. Measurement for width is taken across the maximum
dimension of the lip/pouch without touching the lip or flattening it in any way.
Measurement for the length is from its point of attachment to the ovary to its
distal tip (or a line representing the outermost margi
n)
without touching or flattening the lip/pouch in any way.
Spur. Measurement of the length of the spur is done by flattening it out without causing any damage.
Stem Length. Measurement is from its point of origin to its very tip. In genera such as Paphiopedilum, measurement of the stem is from the point of origin to the beginning of the ovary - not including the ovary.
6.2 Description Back to Top
Colour of flower. Describe the natural hue of the overall colour and any patterns or markings on the sepals, petals and lip. Note the clarity and intensity.
Texture. Texture is the sparkle, glisten or sheen of the surface cells of the flower parts which are carefully examined in order to ascertain the quality. Daylight or a daylight lamp is essential to judge the quality of texture and colour. Neon light is insufficient for texture assessment
Substance. Substance is the firmness and thickness of the tissue of the flower, which is gently felt in order to gauge its quality. Hard rubbing between the fingers is unnecessary.
Number of flowers. The required information is clearly set out on the Award Request Sheet.
Arrangement of flowers on the stem. Describe the carriage of the stem and the arrangement of the flowers on it, i.e. well spaced, crowded etc.
Recommendation to help in writing descriptions of awarded plants
The floral parts should be described in the following order :| Most genera | Paphiopedilum |
| Number of flowers | Number of flowers |
| Number of buds | Number of buds |
| Number of inflorescences | Number of inflorescences |
| Form-arrangement-presentation | Form-arrangement-presentation |
| General flower colour | General flower colour |
| Dorsal sepal | Dorsal sepal |
| Lateral sepals | Synsepal |
| Petals | Petals |
| Lip* | Pouch |
| Spur | (Not Applicable) |
| Column** | Staminode |
| Ovary | Ovary |
| Substance | Substance |
| Texture | Texture |
In the A.O.S. Handbook on Judging and Exhibition, the criteria for judging the major orchid genera are set out giving an overall appraisal of what is expected as hypothetical perfection in each genus.
The S.A.O.C. has accepted as a prime rule for Award Judging, "to be judged according to type and breeding".
In all instances where qualities of orchids are to be scored, the following concepts, as noted in the A.O.S. Handbook on Judging and Exhibition (1988), must be borne in mind by the judges, as criteria for various genera or generic types.
|
| p | petal, |
| l | labellum or lip, |
| ls | lateral sepal sometimes called ventral sepal, |
| ds | dorsal sepal, |
| t | throat, |
| m | mask, |
| vs | ventral sepal or synsepalum in Paphiopedilums, |
| c | column : |
| st | staminode |
7.1 Cattleya and allied genera Back to Top
The general form of the flower of fine varieties is towards fullness and roundness, i.e. a circumscribed circle drawn with the base of the column at the centre. This would touch the tips of the petals and sepals and the margin of the lip, while the flower would fill the greater proportion of the area of the circle. The sepals should arrange themselves almost in an equilateral triangle, while the petals and the lip should do likewise, only inverted, the sepals being broad and filling the gap between the petals and the sepals and the lip. The petals should be erect to slightly arching, broad and rounded, but not crumpled and folded. The lip should be proportionate to the petals, according to the variety (Brassocattleyas generally have extremely large lips; other related genera have lips that are slightly smaller than the petals, depending on the ancestry. The flowers must be round, flat, symmetrical, pleasingly crisped and frilled in a trumpet shape. However they must be closed towards the base and more or less rolled around the column. The entire flower should be fairly flat when viewed from the side, the lip curving down and not jutting out at right angles to the plane of the petals and sepals.
The colour of the flower should be clear, bright and strong, evenly dispersed throughout the petals and sepals without any bleaching or fading at the mid-veins. The hue should be in keeping with the parentage, or an unusual shade, if desirable, without spotting, breaking or splashing except where a balanced and harmonious pattern adds distinction. The lip should be prominently and richly coloured, with a symmetrical pattern if there are additional markings. The entire lip should blend, or contrast pleasingly with the rest of the flower.
The size of the flower should be equal to or greater than the average size of the parents. The potential size of the species, in total or in part, may already have been established by fine forms discovered in their natural habitats.
Good substance, through polyploidy, is now the expected standard. Texture should be sparkling, crystalline, velvety or waxy.
Floriferousness is closely related to parental background and size of flowers. While Cattleyas with one exceptional flower may be judged, labiata-type Cattleyas preferably should have two or more flowers to be considered. In crosses involving bifoliate Cattleyas, a high flower count is expected for judging consideration, depending on the ancestry.
Stem, in Cattleyas, refers to a strong upright stem which displays the flowers to their best advantage. There must be no crowding or distortion.
In bifoliate crosses, the size of the flower and the width of the petals will be less than in pure labiata crosses because of the dominant and recessive behaviour of the species involved.
7.2 Cymbidium Back to Top
The general flower form is towards roundness and fullness, as in the Cattleyas, but not to the same extent as there are some cultivars that tend either towards a more open star-like appearance or can be rather more cupped. Excessive cupping, however, is considered to be a fault. Usually the lip is not extended to the line of the circumscribed circle; neither the dorsal sepal because it is curved forward or hooded. The sepals should be broad and arranged nearly in an equilateral triangle, filling the gaps between the petals and the lip. The petals usually make an inverted broadly based isosceles triangle with the lip and should be broad, slightly arched with a minimum of narrowing toward the tips. The lip should be proportionately sized, the side lobes more or less erect, the front lobe curved gracefully but not abruptly turned under, narrow or pinched.
The colour of the flower should be definite and clear; suffusion of one colour over another should be regular and harmonious, neither mottled nor muddy. Veining with colour, if present, should be definite and distinctive or in regular lines or patterns. The lips should be as distinctively coloured as the sepals and petals, with markings in definite and distinct patterns, the throat and crest clear white or brightly coloured.
The size of the flowers should be equal to or greater than the average size of the parents.
Substance must be better than the average of the parents. The inflorescence should be erect or gracefully arching, according to the ancestral species, with the flowers well spaced and well displayed. The number of flowers will vary according to the variety and breeding.
7.3 Dendrobium Back to Top
The genus Dendrobium is extremely large and diverse, so that general criteria for all the species and hybrids cannot be stated. However, the flowers presented for judging usually fall into one of three categories :
7.4 Miltoniopsis Back to Top
The general flower form is towards roundness, fullness and flatness. The sepals and petals should be equal and only slightly reflexed. The lip should be predominantly large, symmetrical and not too deeply notched.
Colour should be definite, clear and free of blemish. The mask, if present, should be symmetrical and well defined.
The inflorescence should be gracefully arching, with the flowers well spaced and well displayed.
7.5 Odontoglossum Back to Top
The general flower form is towards roundness, flatness and fullness, tending to fit within a circumscribed circle as in the Cattleyas. There must be no crippling or distortion of any of the flower parts, in particular the lip.
The colour of the flower must be definite and clear, in well-defined patterns.
The size of the flower should be equal to or greater than the average of the parents.
Substance must be better than the parents.
The habit of the inflorescence may be simple or branching, with flowers well spaced and well displayed. If branching, there should be no crowding of the flowers.
Floriferousness is closely related to parental background.
7.6 Paphiopedilum Back to Top
The great variety of Paphiopedilums currently grown, from species through primary hybrids to the modern complex hybrids, makes criteria, uniformly applicable to all, impossible to define.
In the judging of species and those hybrids with parentage near to the species, the general criterion is improvement over the ancestral type(s).
The appearance of complex hybrids is the result of many generations of selective breeding that have obscured the contributions of the many species in their background. The desired form of complex hybrid flowers is round, or broadly oval, with particular emphasis on balance, fullness and proportion. The dorsal sepal should be large, rounded, slightly concave and not reflexed.
The ventral sepal may be inconspicuous or can form a harmonious background for the lip or as nearly as possible duplicate the dorsal sepal. The petals should be broad and in proportion with the rest of the flower. The pouch, too, should be in proportion to the rest of the flower.
The colour of the flower should be definite, in well-defined areas and patterns.
Texture should be waxy and varnished in the petals and pouch.
The stem should be proportionately long and strong so that it displays the flowers to their best advantage.
7.7 Phalaenopsis Back to Top
The general form of the flower is towards fullness, roundness and flatness. The sepals should arrange themselves almost in an equilateral triangle, the dorsal sepal tending to be somewhat broader and larger than the lateral sepals. The petals should be broad and flat filling in the gaps between the sepals, the mid veins preferably horizontal. The lip will vary according to variety and breeding.
The colour when present on the sepals and petals should be definite and clear, and markings, when present, should be clear. The lip should be distinctively marked or coloured.
The size of the flower should be equal to or greater than the average size of the parents.
Substance must be better than the average of the parents. It is beyond that of the species.
The inflorescence should be gracefully arching, according to the breeding, with the flowers well spaced and well displayed. The number of flowers will vary according to the species or, in the case of hybrids, the breeding. A sufficient number of flowers should be open so that their arrangement and their presentation can be properly judged and so that they show off the full potential of the flower.
7.8 Vanda Back to Top
The general form of the flower is towards roundness, fullness and flatness. The sepals should be broad and rounded and should arrange themselves almost in an equilateral triangle. The dorsal sepal should be as nearly equal to the lateral sepals as possible. The petals should be broad and rounded, as nearly equal to the dorsal sepal as possible, and should fill the gaps between the sepals. The lip, in size and shape, should be in harmony with the rest of the flower, in accordance with the ancestral species.
The colour of the flower should be definite and clear, suffusion of the one colour over another should be harmonious, neither mottled nor muddy. Veining with colour, if present, should be definite and distinctive or in regular lines and patterns. The lip should be distinctively coloured.
The size
Substance must be better than the average of the parents.
The inflorescence should be erect or gently arching, according to parental background, with the flowers well spaced and well displayed. The number of the flowers will vary according to the species or, in the case of hybrids, according to the breeding.
Spray types should have a sufficient number of flowers open for the judges to determine the arrangement of the flowers on the inflorescence. They should be mature enough to show the full potential of the flower
In Show Judging orchids are judged on a straight forward competitive basis, one against the other in clearly defined classes in a Show Schedule. Red, blue and green ribbons are used to designate the placings and are only granted to the exhibits of sufficient merit. Stall judging is part of this system, for which there is a prescribed score sheet
This is an exact replica of the National Show Schedule which Societies
hosting the S.A.O.C. National Show are obliged to use. Hosting Societies may
add classes to the schedule but are not permitted to remove
anything from this schedule.
At all National events the Chairman of the Judging Committee has final
authority with regard to matters of procedure or interpretation of the National
Show Schedule.
9.1 Conditions of entry Back to Top
Criteria Points Design and display }20 Originality Application of theme 10 Arrangement and compatibility of all material 25 Condition of flowers and plants 25 Neatness of display/lighting and labels 20 TOTAL 100
Criteria Points Design and display }20 Originality Application of theme 10 Arrangement and compatibility of all material 25 Condition of flowers and plants 25 Neatness of display/lighting and labels 20 TOTAL 100
9.2 Schedule for the judging of exhibits and plants at the South African Orchid Council National Shows Back to Top
| Best society exhibit: | Felix Petsch floating trophy: | Selected from class A |
| Best other orchid exhibit: | Host society trophy: | Selected from class B |
| Best other orchid exhibit: | Host society trophy: | Selected from class C |
| Class A | Society Exhibits | |
| Class B | Other Exhibits more than 5 square metres | |
| Class C | Other Exhibits less than 5 square metres |
| Best orchid on show: Host society floating trophy: | Selected from group winners |
| Reserve champion: Host society floating trophy: | Selected from group winners |
| Best South African species: S.A.O.C. floating trophy: | Selected from classes 286-296 |
| Best South African bred and raised hybrid:
Mike O'Connor floating trophy: |
Selected from classes 12, 38, 52, 57, 74, 91, 105, 122, 135, 149, 162, 183, 193, 208, 220, 233, 241, 248, 266, 284, 295, 306, 318, 327, 336 |
| Best specimen species: Rebecca Northen floating trophy: | Selected from classes 13, 39, 53, 58, 75, 92, 106, 123, 136, 150, 163, 184, 194, 209, 221, 234, 242, 249, 267, 285, 296, 307, 319, 328, 337 |
| Best African species: Brian Williams floating trophy: | Selected from classes 308-319 |
| Group winners: Host society‘s prizes/trophies | Selected from each group |
| Section winners: Host society‘s ribbons | Selected from each section |
| PART A: | |
| GROUP 1: CATTLEYA ALLIANCE | |
| Section A: Cattleya Alliance Species Back to Top | |
| Class 1. | Cattleya – Labiata |
| Class 2. | Cattleya – Bifoliate |
| Class 3. | Laelia – Rupiculous |
| Class 4. | Laelia – Mexican |
| Class 5. | Laelia – Any other |
| Class 6. | Encyclia, Prosthechea |
| Class 7. | Epidendrum, Oerstedella, Dimerandra |
| Class 8. | Sophronitis |
| Class 9. | Schomburgkia |
| Class 10. | Brassavola, Rhyncholaelia |
| Class 11. | Any other genus not mentioned in this section |
| Class 12. | Specimen Plant |
| Section B: Standard Cattleya Alliance Hybrids Back to Top | |
| Class 13. | White |
| Class 14. | Semi –alba |
| Class 15. | Pink |
| Class 16. | Lavender / Purple |
| Class 17. | Red |
| Class 18. | Orange/autumn shades/bronze |
| Class 19. | Yellow |
| Class 20. | Green |
| Class 21. | Blue |
| Class 22. | Splash petal/flared petals |
| Class 23. | Spotted |
| Class 24. | Any other colour not mentioned above |
| Class 25. | Specimen Plant |
| Section C: Bifoliate/cluster Cattleya Alliance Hybrids Back to Top | |
| Class 26. | White |
| Class 27. | Semi alba |
| Class 28. | Pink |
| Class 29. | Lavender / Purple |
| Class 30. | Red |
| Class 31. | Orange/autumn shades/bronze |
| Class 32. | Yellow |
| Class 33. | Green |
| Class 34. | Blue |
| Class 35. | Splash petal/flared petals |
| Class 36. | Spotted |
| Class 37. | Any other colour not mentioned above |
| Class 38. | Specimen Plant |
| Section D Miniature Cattleya Alliance Hybrids Back to Top | |
| Class 39. | White |
| Class 40. | Semi-alba |
| Class 41. | Pink |
| Class 42. | Lavender/Purple |
| Class 43. | Red |
| Class 44. | Orange/autumn shades/bronze |
| Class 45. | Yellow |
| Class 46. | Green |
| Class 47. | Blue |
| Class 48. | Splash petal/flared petals |
| Class 49. | Spotted |
| Class 50. | Any other colour not mentioned above |
| Class 51. | Specimen Plant |
| Section E: Miscellaneous Cattleya Alliance Hybrids | |
| Class 52. | Laelia |
| Class 53. | Encyclia, Prosthechea |
| Class 54. | Epidendrum, Oerstedella, etc. |
| Class 55. | Sophronitis |
| Class 56. | Any Hybrid or Intergeneric hybrid not mentioned in this section |
| Class 57. | Specimen Plant |
| GROUP 2: CYMBIDIUM ALLIANCE | |
| Section A: Cymbidium Alliance Species | |
| Class 58. | Cymbidium |
| Class 59. | Any other Genus not mentioned in this section e.g. Cyrtopodium, Galeandra |
| Class 60 | Specimen Plant |
| Section B: Standard Cymbidium Alliance Hybrids | |
| Class 61. | White |
| Class 62. | Ivory/ Cream |
| Class 63. | Blushed Pink |
| Class 64. | Deep Pink |
| Class 65. | Red |
| Class 66. | Orange |
| Class 67. | Yellow |
| Class 68. | Green |
| Class 69. | Polychrome |
| Class 70. | Splash petal |
| Class 71. | Spotted |
| Class 72. | Pure colour |
| Class 73. | Any other colour not mentioned above |
| Class 74. | Specimen Plant |
| Section C: Intermediate Cymbidium Alliance Hybrids | |
| Class 75. | White |
| Class 76. | Ivory/ Cream |
| Class 77. | Blushed Pink |
| Class 78. | Deep Pink |
| Class 79. | Red |
| Class 80. | Orange |
| Class 81. | Yellow |
| Class 82. | Green |
| Class 83. | Polychrome |
| Class 84. | Splash petal |
| Class 85. | Spotted |
| Class 86. | Pure colour |
| Class 87. | Any other colour not mentioned above |
| Class 88. | Specimen Plant |
| Section D: Miniature Cymbidium Alliance Hybrids | |
| Class 89. | White |
| Class 90. | Ivory/ Cream |
| Class 91. | Blushed Pink |
| Class 92. | Deep Pink |
| Class 93. | Red |
| Class 94. | Orange |
| Class 95. | Yellow |
| Class 96. | Green |
| Class 97. | Polychrome |
| Class 98. | Splash petal |
| Class 99. | Spotted |
| Class 100. | Pure colour |
| Class 101. | Any other colour not mentioned above |
| Class 102. | Specimen Plant |
| Section E: Miscellaneous Cymbidium Alliance Hybrids | |
| Class 103. | Primary Hybrids |
| Class 104. | Pendulous |
| Class 105. | Novelty |
| Class 106. | Decorative |
| Class 107. | Specimen Plant |
| GROUP 3: DENDROBIUM ALLIANCE | |
| Section A: Dendrobium Alliance Species | |
| Class 108. | Nobile type Dendrobium section |
| Class 109. | Densiflorum type Callista section |
| Class 110. | Nigrohirsute type Formosum section |
| Class 111. | Antelope type Spatulata section |
| Class 112. | Phalaenopsis type Phalaenanthe section |
| Class 113. | New Guinea type Latourea section |
| Class 114. | Australian type Dendrocoryne section |
| Class 115. | D. victoria-reginae type Pedilonum section |
| Class 116. | D. lawesii type Calyptrochilum section |
| Class 117. | D. cuthbertsonii type Oxyglossum section |
| Class 118. | Any other Dendrobium type or section not mentioned in this section |
| Class 119. | Any other Genus not mentioned in this section |
| Class 120. | Specimen Plant |
| Section B: Dendrobium Alliance Hybrids | |
| Class 121. | Nobile type dark throat |
| Class 122. | Nobile type pale throat |
| Class 123. | Formosa type hybrids |
| Class 124. | Australian hybrids |
| Class 125. | Phalaenopsis/Antelope type hybrids |
| Class 126. | Any other intrageneric not mentioned before |
| Class 127. | Novelty, unusual, different flowers, leaves or plants |
| Class 128. | Specimen Plant |
| GROUP 4: ONCIDIUM ALLIANCE | |
| Section A: Oncidium Alliance Species | |
| Class 129. | Ada, Brassia |
| Class 130. | Brazilian Miltonia |
| Class 131. | Colombian Miltoniopsis |
| Class 132. | Odontoglossum, Lemboglossum, Ticoglossum, Osmoglossum |
| Class 133. | Rossioglossum |
| Class 134. | Oncidium |
| Class 135. | Tolumnia |
| Class 136. | Any other genus not mentioned in this section |
| Class 137. | Specimen Plant |
| Section B: Oncidium Alliance Hybrids | |
| Class 138. | Brassia |
| Class 139. | Brazilian Miltonia |
| Class 140. | Colombian Miltoniopsis |
| Class 141. | Odontoglossum |
| Class 142. | Oncidium |
| Class 143. | Psycopsis |
| Class 144. | Tolumnia |
| Class 145. | Any other intrageneric hybrid not mentioned in this section |
| Class 146. | Intergeneric Hybrid – White/Cream |
| Class 147. | Intergeneric Hybrid – Pink |
| Class 148. | Intergeneric Hybrid – Yellow/Brown |
| Class 149. | Intergeneric Hybrid – Red / Maroon |
| Class 150. | Intergeneric Hybrid – Orange |
| Class 151. | Intergeneric Hybrid – Any other colour not mentioned above |
| Class 152. | Any other Intergeneric hybrid not mentioned in this section |
| Class 153. | Specimen Plant |
| GROUP 5: PAPHIOPEDILUM ALLIANCE | |
| Section A: Paphiopedilum Alliance Species | |
| Class 154. | Single flowered – green leaf |
| Class 155. | Single flowered – mottled leaf |
| Class 156. | Brachypetalum section |
| Class 157. | Parvisepalum section |
| Class 158. | Coryopedilum section (multiflorals) |
| Class 159. | Cochlopetalum section (sequentially flowered) |
| Class 160. | Pardalopetalum section (e.g. Paph. haynaldianum, Paph. lowii) |
| Class 161. | Phragmipedium Micropetalum GROUP (besseae type) |
| Class 162. | Any Other Phragmipedium |
| Class 163. | Any other Genus not mentioned in this section |
| Class 164. | Specimen Plant |
| Section B: Paphiopedilum Alliance Hybrids | |
| Class 165. | White or near white |
| Class 166. | Pink |
| Class 167. | Red |
| Class 168. | Orange/Autumn shades |
| Class 169. | Yellow/Green and shades thereof |
| Class 170. | Spotted |
| Class 171. | Any other colour |
| Class 172. | Maudiae type (Coloratum)) |
| Class 173. | Maudiae type (Albino) |
| Class 174. | Maudiae type (Vinicolour) |
| Class 175. | Primaries / One parent as a species |
| Class 176. | Multiflowered |
| Class 177. | Sequential flowering |
| Class 178. | Novelties/intersectional hybrids not primaries (example) |
| Class 179. | Specimen Plant |
| Section C: Miscellaneous Paphiopedilum Alliance Hybrids | |
| Class 180. | Phragmipedium, shades of red or pink |
| Class 181. | Phragmipedium, green |
| Class 182. | Phragmipedium, Any other colour |
| Class.183 | . Any other hybrid not mentioned in this section |
| Class 184. | Specimen Plant |
| GROUP 6: PHALAENOPSIS ALLIANCE | |
| Section A: Phalaenopsis Alliance Species | |
| Class 185. | amabilis GROUP |
| Class 186. | Any other Phalaenopsis species |
| Class 187. | Any other Genus not mentioned in this section |
| Class 188. | Specimen Plant |
| Section B: Phalaenopsis Alliance Hybrids | |
| Class 189. | White |
| Class 190. | White with coloured lip |
| Class 191. | Pink |
| Class 192. | Lavender/ Purple |
| Class 193. | Red |
| Class 194. | Orange/autumn shades |
| Class 195. | Yellow |
| Class 196. | Striped |
| Class 197. | Spotted |
| Class 198. | Splash petal |
| Class 199. | Harlequin type |
| Class 200. | Naturally small flowered |
| Class 201. | Primaries / One parent as a species |
| Class 202. | Any other Genus not mentioned in this section |
| Class 203. | Specimen Plant |
| GROUP 7: VANDA ALLIANCE | |
| Section A: Vanda Alliance Species | |
| Class 204. | Vanda |
| Class 205. | Ascocentrum |
| Class 206. | Rhynchostylis |
| Class 207. | Renanthera |
| Class 208. | Aerides |
| Class 209. | Any other genus not mentioned in this section |
| Class 210. | Specimen Plant |
| Section B: Vanda Hybrids and Intergeneric Hybrids (With Vanda) | |
| Class 211. | White |
| Class 212. | Pink |
| Class 213. | Lavender/Purple |
| Class 214. | Red |
| Class 215. | Orange/autumn shades/bronze |
| Class 216. | Yellow |
| Class 217. | Green |
| Class 218. | Blue |
| Class 219. | Spotted |
| Class 220. | Terete and semi-terete type Vanda hybrids |
| Class 221. | Any other colour |
| Class 222. | Specimen Plant |
| Section C: Vanda Alliance Intergeneric Hybrids (Without Vanda) | |
| Class 223. | White |
| Class 224. | Pink |
| Class 225. | Lavender/Purple |
| Class 226. | Red |
| Class 227. | Orange/autumn shades/bronze |
| Class 228. | Yellow |
| Class 229. | Green |
| Class 230. | Blue |
| Class 231. | Spotted |
| Class 232. | Any other colour |
| Class 233. | Specimen Plant |
| Section D Vanda Alliance Miscellaneous Hybrids | |
| Class 234. | Sarcochilus |
| Class 235. | Any other hybrid or intergeneric hybrid |
| GROUP 8: MASDEVALLIA ALLIANCE | |
| Section A: Masdevallia Alliance Species | |
| Class 236. | Masdevallia |
| Class 237. | Pleurothallis |
| Class 238. | Any other Genus not mentioned in this section |
| Class 239. | Specimen Plant |
| Section B: Masdevallia Alliance Hybrids | |
| Class 240. | Masdevallia |
| Class 241. | Any other Pleurothallid alliance hybrid |
| Class 242. | Specimen Plant |
| GROUP 9: MISCELLANEOUS EXOTIC GENERA | |
| Section A: Exotic Species | |
| Class 243. | Calanthe, Phaius, Thunia, Gastrorchis, Spathoglottis, Bletilla, Bletia |
| Class 244. | Bulbophyllum, Cirrhopetalum |
| Class 245. | Coelogyne, Pleione |
| Class 246. | Dendrochilum, Pholidota |
| Class 247. | Jewel orchids e.g.Anoectochilus, Haemaria, Macodes, Goodyera |
| Class 248. | Anguloa, Lycaste,Ida |
| Class 249. | Bifrenaria, Stenocoryne, Rudolfiella |
| Class 250. | Zygopetalum, Promenaea, Bollea, Cochleanthes, Huntleya and related genera |
| Class 251. | Maxillaria |
| Class 252. | Catasetum, Cycnoches, Gongora, Stanhopea and related genera |
| Class 253. | Any other Genus not mentioned above |
| Class 254. | Specimen Plant |
| Section B: Exotic Hybrids | |
| Class 255. | Calanthe, Phaius, Gastrorchis Spathoglottis, & related genera including intergenerics |
| Class 256. | Bulbophyllum, Cirrhopetalum & related genera including Intergenerics |
| Class 257. | Coelogyne, Pleione & related genera including Intergenerics |
| Class 258. | Anguloa, Lycaste, Bifrenaria, & related genera including Intergenerics |
| Class 259. | Zygopetalum, Promenaea, Cochleanthes & related genera including Intergenerics |
| Class 260. | Catasetum, Stanhopea & related genera including Intergenerics |
| Class 261. | Any other hybrid or Intergeneric hybrid not mentioned in this section |
| Class 262. | Specimen Plant |
| GROUP 10: SOUTH AFRICAN GENERA EXCLUDING ANSELLIA | |
| Section A: South African Species Excluding Ansellia | |
| Class 263. | Angraecum, Aerangis and related genera |
| Class 264. | Polystachya |
| Class 265. | Any other epiphyte not mentioned in this section |
| Class 266. | Eulophia, Oeceoclades & related genera |
| Class 267. | Disa & related genera |
| Class 268. | Satyrium & related genera |
| Class 269. | Bonatea, Habenaria & related genera |
| Class 270. | Any other terrestrial not mentioned in this section |
| Class 271. | Specimen Plant |
| Section B: South African Hybrids Excluding Ansellia | |
| Class 272. | Angraecum, Aerangis and related genera including Intergenerics |
| Class 273. | Polystachya |
| Class 274. | Eulophia & related genera including Intergenerics |
| Class 275. | Disa & related genera including Intergenerics |
| Class 276. | Satyrium & related genera including Intergenerics |
| Class 277. | Bonatea & related genera including Intergenerics |
| Class 278. | Any other hybrid not mentioned above |
| Class 279. | Specimen Plant |
| GROUP 11: AFRICAN & MASCARENE GENERA EXCLUDING ANSELLIA | |
| Section A: African & Mascarene Species Excluding Ansellia | |
| Class 280. | Angraecum |
| Class 281. | Aerangis |
| Class 282. | Any other Angraecoid not mentioned in this section |
| Class 283. | Cymbidiella, Eulophiella, Grammangis, Gastorchis |
| Class 284. | Polystachya |
| Class 285. | Eulophia, Oeceoclades, Graphorkis |
| Class 286. | Any other genus not mentioned in this section |
| Class 287. | Specimen Plant |
| Section B: African & Mascarene Hybrids Excluding Ansellia | |
| Class 288. | Angraecum |
| Class 289. | Aerangis |
| Class 290. | Polystachya |
| Class 291. | Eulophia |
| Class 292. | Epiphytic hybrid including Intergenerics not mentioned in this section |
| Class 293. | Terrestrial hybrid including Intergenerics not mentioned in this section |
| Class 294. | Specimen Plant |
| GROUP 12: ANSELLIA | |
| Section A: Species | |
| Class 295. | Predominantly clear yellow/green |
| Class 296. | Finely patterned |
| Class 297. | Boldly patterned |
| Class 298. | Specimen Plant |
| Section B: Hybrids | |
| Class 299. | Any Intergeneric hybrid |
| GROUP 13: SA BRED & RAISED | |
| Name of Breeder and Owner to be stated | |
| Class 300. | Species |
| Class 301. | Hybrid |
| GROUP 14: FIRST FLOWERING SEEDLING | |
| Class 302. | Species |
| Class 303. | Hybrid |
| GROUP 15: FRAGRANT ORCHIDS | |
| Plants must be specifically entered for these classes. Plants may not be drawn from other classes even after the judging of such classes is complete | |
| Class 304. | Species |
| Class 305. | Hybrid |
| GROUP 16: CUT FLOWERS | |
| Sprays of only ONE cultivar in each display container, no decorative material is allowed. Entries must include at least five (5) sprays per vase to be entered in this group. All entries must list a registered grex and/or parentage, a cultivar epiphet is desirable. | |
| Class 306. | Cut flowers |
| Societies must decide, prior to judging, what trophies they wish to be awarded in the various sections. | |
| Back to Top |
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